08-14 STI TMICs do fit, with either a bracket extension, the correct P/N bracket from the newer cars, or just forgo the passenger side bracket entirely. There are reports of the elbow on the Y-pipe not fitting correctly with a TD-04, but they work fine with VF-series turbos.
You will have the problem of a poorly fitting shroud, but you can either DIY a splitter or just leave it alone, since it won't cool any worse than stock, and will still flow a ton more air.
Any VF series will work, minus the VF52 (or similar) as that is the legacy GT style downpipe mounting. And as mentioned above, twin-scroll turbos won't work either.
This is what I've found in my recent search to put together a swap for my FXT, but I still recommend doing your own research. There's a huge amount of info out there, some of it buried in unrelated, years-old threads...feels like archeology at times. I can't speak for 15-18 STI parts, as I haven't seen many of them for sale.