Well, I found the issue on another site, and the consensus there seemed to be to use rubber cement or some other form of strong adhesive, and I had some Amazing GOOP Sport and Outdoor, so I glued the seal to the door and taped it to hold it in place temporarily.
I'll post the results when the glue dries just in case anyone has this problem in the future.
Edit: After around 3.5 hours, the glue seems to be holding very well, enough that I felt comfortable removing the tape I had used to hold the seal in place. I obviously won't know how well this works until next winter, but so far using the GOOP seems to be even more effective than the hooks it came with.
I'll post the results when the glue dries just in case anyone has this problem in the future.
Edit: After around 3.5 hours, the glue seems to be holding very well, enough that I felt comfortable removing the tape I had used to hold the seal in place. I obviously won't know how well this works until next winter, but so far using the GOOP seems to be even more effective than the hooks it came with.